ABS: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) yog yas uas yog terpolymer, polymer uas muaj peb yam sib txawv monomers. ABS yog tsim los ntawm polymerizing styrene thiab acrylonitrile thaum muaj polybutadiene. Acrylonitrile yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws monomer ua los ntawm propylene thiab ammonia thaum butadiene yog roj av hydrocarbon, thiab styrene monomer yog tsim los ntawm kev dehydrogeneration ntawm ethyl benzene. Dehydrogenation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm hydrogen los ntawm cov organic molecule thiab yog qhov rov qab los ntawm hydrogenation. Dehydrogenation hloov pauv alkanes, uas yog qhov tsis sib xws thiab yog li tus nqi qis, rau olefins (suav nrog alkenes), uas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab yog li muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua. Cov txheej txheem dehydrogeneration tau siv dav los tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab styrene hauv kev lag luam roj av. Muaj ob hom: Ib qho yog rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov duab thiab lwm qhov yog cov thermoplastic siv rau cov khoom lag luam pwm. ABS cov khoom sib xyaw feem ntau yog ib nrab styrene nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov butadiene thiab acrylonitrile. ABS sib tov zoo nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, thiab polysulphones. Cov kev sib xyaw no tso cai rau ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov.

Keeb kwm, ABS tau xub tsim thawj zaug thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob los hloov pauv roj hmab. Txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv daim ntawv thov ntawd, nws tau nthuav dav rau cov ntawv thov lag luam hauv xyoo 1950. Niaj hnub no ABS tau siv ntau pab pawg ntawm cov ntawv thov suav nrog cov khoom ua si. Piv txwv li, LEGO® cov blocks tau tsim los ntawm nws vim nws yog qhov hnyav thiab ruaj khov heev. Kuj ua mould ntawm qhov kub thiab txias txhim kho qhov ci thiab tiv tshav kub ntawm cov khoom thaum molding ntawm qhov kub tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab lub zog.

ABS yog amorphous, uas txhais tau tias nws tsis muaj qhov kub yaj tab sis qhov kub hloov pauv iav uas yog kwv yees li 105◦C lossis 221◦F. Nws tau pom zoo qhov kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv ntawm -20◦C txog 80◦C (-4◦F txog 176◦ F). Nws kub hnyiab thaum raug rau qhov kub thiab txias xws li cov uas ua los ntawm cov nplaim taws qhib. Ua ntej nws yuav yaj, tom qab ntawd rhaub, tom qab ntawd tawg mus rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub zoo li cov yas vaporizes. Nws qhov zoo yog tias nws muaj qhov siab ruaj khov thiab ua rau pom qhov tawv txawm tias qis dua. Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog tias thaum hlawv ABS yuav ua rau muaj pa luam yeeb ntau.

ABS yog dav siv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws tiv taus aqueous acids, alkalis, thiab phosphoric acids, mloog zoo hydrochloric cawv thiab tsiaj, zaub thiab roj av. Tab sis ABS tau tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm qee qhov hnyav. Ntev tiv tauj nrog cov kuab tshuaj ntxhiab, ketones thiab esters tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nws muaj huab cua tsis haum. Thaum ABS hlawv, nws tsim cov pa luam yeeb ntau. Lub hnub ci tseem ua rau ABS tsis zoo. Nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv txoj hlua khawm khawm ntawm lub tsheb tau ua rau qhov loj tshaj thiab raug nqi ntau tshaj hauv Asmeskas keeb kwm. ABS tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj suav nrog cov kua qaub, kua qaub thiab alkalis. Nws ua haujlwm tsis zoo nrog cov ntxhiab tsw thiab halogenated hydrocarbons.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ABS yog kev cuam tshuam-tiv taus thiab tawv. Tsis tas li ABS tuaj yeem ua tiav yog li saum npoo yog ci. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv nws vim qhov zoo no. Yog lawm, raws li tau hais, ib tus neeg paub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ABS yog LEGO® rau lawv cov yeeb yuj, cov khoom ua si ci ntsa iab. Nws kuj tseem siv los ua cov twj paj nruas, ntaus golf lub taub hau, khoom siv kho mob kom nkag tau mus rau ntshav, tiv thaiv lub taub hau, dej canoes dawb, lub nra, thiab nqa cov ntaub ntawv.

Puas yog ABS lom?

ABS yog qhov tsis muaj kev phom sij vim tias nws tsis muaj cov tshuaj carcinogens uas paub, thiab tsis muaj kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam txog kev kis mus rau ABS. Uas tau hais tias, ABS feem ntau tsis haum rau kev kho mob.

Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ABS?

ABS yog cov qauv ruaj khov heev, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj siv rau hauv yam khoom xws li lub tsev yees duab, cov tsev tiv thaiv, thiab ntim khoom. Yog tias koj xav tau qhov pheej yig, muaj zog, tawv yas uas tuav tau zoo rau kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, ABS yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.